Das Markengesetz im Internetzeitalter - Sind Änderungen des Markengesetzes zur Wahrung der Rechtssicherheit im Hinblick auf das moderne Massenmedium 'Internet' notwendig?

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Применение метода аналитических сетей для оптимизации процесса выбора стратегии развития пассажирского автотранспортного предприятия

В статье обозначена проблема снижения рентабельности пассажирских автотранспортных предприятий и связанные с этим сложности по реализации процедуры стратегического прогнозирования и управления предприятием. Обосновано использование метода аналитических сетей в модели поддержки принятия решений при управлении стратегией автотранспортного предприятия, представленной в работе [1], в качестве инструмента, позволяющего формализовать экспертные знания на основных этапах оценки и выбора проектов стратегического развития. Описаны основные шаги и приведены результаты расчета алгоритма метода аналитических сетей в рамках данной модели.The article outlines the problem of reducing the profitability of passenger motor transport enterprises and the associated difficulties in implementing the procedure of strategic forecasting and enterprise management. The use of the method of analytical networks in the model of decision support in managing the strategy of a trucking enterprise presented in [1] is substantiated as a tool that allows to formalize expert knowledge at the main stages of evaluation and selection of projects for strategic development. The main steps and calculations of the algorithm algorithm for analytical networks within the framework of this model are described

Die Zukunft der Internetadressierung: ICANN, DNS und alternative Systeme - kartell- und markenrechtliche Fragen und ihr ökonomischer Hintergrund

Die Einheit des Internet wird bisher über das Domain-Name-System (DNS) hergestellt. Die Adressierung von Websites, Inhalten und Informationen geschieht nach einem global einheitlichen technischen Verfahren. Diese Einheitlichkeit könnte in Zukunft aufgebrochen werden, wenn die Versuche von privaten Unternehmen wie UnifiedRoot und Zensurstaaten wie China Erfolg haben, alternative Adressierungssysteme für das Internet zu implementieren. Der Wettbewerb um Adressierungssysteme wäre eröffnet, die Konkurrenz um einprägsame und werbewirksame Domain-Namen um eine zusätzliche Dimension erweitert. Die Schattenseite dieser Entwicklung könnte eine Zersplitterung des Internet in verschiedene Teilnetze sein. Insbesondere müsste die Stellung der ICANN als Hüterin des DNS und gleichzeitig administrativer Gestalterin der Internet-Technik einer Revision unterzogen werden. Andererseits bedeutet die Einführung alternativer Adressierungssysteme auch eine Herausforderung an die markenrechtliche Bewertung von Internetsachverhalten. Bislang bestehende und im Laufe der Jahre gefestigte Grundsätze bei der markenrechtlichen Bewertung von Internetsachverhalten bedürfen einer Überprüfung. Außerdem entstehen neuartige markenrechtliche Probleme innerhalb der alternativen Adressierungssysteme selbst. Der folgende Beitrag soll die Strukturen des herkömmlichen DNS und neuer alternativer Adressierungssysteme darstellen, die möglichen kartell- und markenrechtlichen Probleme aufzeigen sowie Lösungswege andeuten. --

Tumor Cell-Based Vaccine Generated With High Hydrostatic Pressure Synergizes With Radiotherapy by Generating a Favorable Anti-tumor Immune Microenvironment

Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines pulsed with high hydrostatic pressure (HHP)-inactivated tumor cells have been demonstrated to be a promising immunotherapy for solid tumors. We focused on sole injection of tumor cells that were inactivated by HHP and their combination with local radiotherapy (RTx) for in vivo induction of anti-tumor immune responses. HHP-treatment of tumor cells resulted in pre-dominantly necrotic cells with degraded DNA. We confirmed that treatments at 200 MPa or higher completely inhibited the formation of tumor cell colonies in vitro. No tumor growth was seen in vivo after injection of HHP-treated tumor cells. Single vaccination with HHP-killed tumor cells combined with local RTx significantly retarded tumor growth and improved the survival as shown in B16-F10 and CT26 tumor models. In B16-F10 tumors that were irradiated with 2 × 5Gy and vaccinated once with HHP-killed tumor cells, the amount of natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes/macrophages, CD4+ T cells and NKT cells was significantly increased, while the amount of B cells was significantly decreased. In both models, a trend of increased CD8+ T cell infiltration was observed. Generally, in irradiated tumors high amounts of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing PD-1 were found. We conclude that HHP generates inactivated tumor cells that can be used as a tumor vaccine. Moreover, we show for the first time that tumor cell-based vaccine acts synergistically with RTx to significantly retard tumor growth by generating a favorable anti-tumor immune microenvironment

Mutations of the EPHB6 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Induce a Pro-Metastatic Phenotype in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Alterations of Eph receptor tyrosine kinases are frequent events in human cancers. Genetic variations of EPHB6 have been described but the functional outcome of these alterations is unknown. The current study was conducted to screen for the occurrence and to identify functional consequences of EPHB6 mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. Here, we sequenced the entire coding region of EPHB6 in 80 non-small cell lung cancer patients and 3 tumor cell lines. Three potentially relevant mutations were identified in primary patient samples of NSCLC patients (3.8%). Two point mutations led to instable proteins. An in frame deletion mutation (del915-917) showed enhanced migration and accelerated wound healing in vitro. Furthermore, the del915-917 mutation increased the metastatic capability of NSCLC cells in an in vivo mouse model. Our results suggest that EPHB6 mutations promote metastasis in a subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Risk governance in organizations

Dieses Buch dokumentiert 10 Jahre Risk-Governance-Forschung an der Universität Siegen. In 50 Beiträgen reflektieren Forscher und Praktiker Risk Governance vor dem Hintergrund ihrer eigenen Forschungen und/oder Erfahrungen und geben jeweils einen Entwicklungsimpuls für die Zukunft der Risk Governance. Das Buch zeigt die große Bandbreite und Tiefe des Forschungsgebietes auf und diskutiert Grundannahmen, Implementierungsfragen, die Rolle der Risk Governance als Transformationsmotor, ihre Wirkung in den verschiedenen betrieblichen Funktionen, Entwicklungsperspektiven und den Beitrag der Risk Governance zu einer nachhaltigen Ausrichtung von Unternehmen.This book documents 10 years of risk governance research at the University of Siegen. In 50 contributions, researchers and practitioners reflect on risk governance against the background of their own research and/or experience and provide a development impetus for the future of risk governance. The book shows the wide range and depth of the research field and discusses basic assumptions, implementation issues, the role of risk governance as transformation engine, its impact in the various operational functions, development perspectives, and the contribution of risk governance to a sustainable orientation of companies

Quantum-State Resolved Gas/Surface Dynamics Experiments

This book gives a representative survey of the state of the art of research on gas-surface interactions. It provides an overview of the current understanding of gas surface dynamics and, in particular, of the reactive and non-reactive processes of atoms and small molecules at surfaces. Leading scientists in the field, both from the theoretical and the experimental sides, write in this book about their most recent advances. Surface science grew as an interdisciplinary research area over the last decades, mostly because of new experimental technologies (ultra-high vacuum, for instance), as well as because of a novel paradigm, the ‘surface science’ approach. The book describes the second transformation which is now taking place pushed by the availability of powerful quantum-mechanical theoretical methods implemented numerically. In the book, experiment and theory progress hand in hand with an unprecedented degree of accuracy and control. The book presents how modern surface science targets the atomic-level understanding of physical and chemical processes at surfaces, with particular emphasis on dynamical aspects. This book is a reference in the field